If you’re a parent seeking to understand your child’s diagnosis, or if you’re simply curious about the topic, you’ve come to the right place. We’ll unpack ‘high functioning autism,’ a term that can often lead to confusion.
High Functioning Autism: The Basics
High Functioning Autism (HFA) is a term often used to describe individuals on the autism spectrum who can speak, read, write, and handle basic life skills like eating and getting dressed. They may have average or above-average intelligence. But what does this label really mean? And how does it relate to other diagnoses?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
First, it’s important to understand that ‘high functioning autism’ isn’t an official medical term. Instead, clinicians use the umbrella diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD includes a range of conditions previously considered separate — autism, Asperger’s syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified.
Distinguishing High Functioning Autism
Despite not being an official term, ‘high functioning autism’ is often used colloquially to describe individuals with ASD who do not have an intellectual disability. It’s crucial to remember, though, that even ‘high functioning’ individuals may still struggle with various aspects of life.
Understanding Functioning Labels
‘High functioning’ can sometimes lead to misconceptions about the individual’s abilities. It might suggest they need less support than they do, or that they face fewer challenges. But ASD affects every person differently. Some individuals may excel in academic or creative tasks but struggle with social interaction, sensory overload, or daily life skills. It’s essential to remember that autism is a spectrum, and every individual’s experience is unique.
Key Characteristics of High Functioning Autism
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| Difficulties with Social Interaction | Individuals may struggle to understand social cues, norms, or non-verbal communication. They may have difficulty making and maintaining friendships. |
| Restricted Interests | People with HFA may have intense interests in specific topics. These interests may be narrow but deep. |
| Sensory Sensitivities | Individuals might be over- or under-sensitive to sensory inputs like sound, light, touch, or taste. This can lead to sensory overload or the need for sensory stimulation. |
| Need for Routine | Changes in routine or unexpected events can be distressing for those with HFA. They may prefer predictable schedules and routines. |
Supporting Your Child
If your child has been described as ‘high functioning,’ it’s important to ensure they get the support they need. This might include access to therapies like speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, or social skills training. Working with your child’s school to create an appropriate learning environment is also crucial.
Conclusion
Autism, including ‘high functioning’ autism, is a complex condition that impacts each individual differently. Understanding your child’s unique strengths and challenges is key to supporting them effectively. For more detailed information, do visit the National Autistic Society website. If you have any concerns about your child, please consult a healthcare professional.
